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Europa Universalis IV Development Diary 21: Leaders & Mercenaries by Johan Published on 01-03-2013 10:28 Number of Views: 10555
ヨーロッパユニヴァーサリス４ 開発日誌２１ 指揮官と傭兵
Welcome to another development diary for Europa Universalis IV and today we focus on warfare. Yes, you knew this dev diary was coming, didn’t you? It’s really quite difficult to play the game without understanding how the armies work.
ようこそEU4の新たな開発日誌へ。今日は戦争のことについて話すよ。 そう、君はもうこの日誌のテーマは知っているよね。軍隊の仕事について理解することなくゲームをプレイすることはとっても難しいんだ。
Warfare is one of the most important aspects of Europa Universalis IV, and over the almost 400 years of gameplay, armies and navies will be your prime instruments of power when you go to war. You need to be aware of the different units of your armies and their strengths and weaknesses.
戦争はEU4のもっとも重要な側面の一つだ。 ゲーム期間である400年という長期間ずっと、陸軍や海軍は戦時の際に君が最も頼るべき手段となる。 君は、自分の軍隊のたくさんの種類と、その強さと弱点についてあらかじめ知っておくべきだ。
So, it is time to build some armies and go to war! In times of war, you will have to raise and maintain armies and fleets, conquer nations and project your power onto the world. You see them standing, moving and fighting on the map.
さあ、戦争に向けて陸軍を建設しよう！ 戦時の際は、きみは陸軍と海軍を徴兵したり維持したりするべきだ。征服や威圧のために。 君はこれらをつかって、地図上で行軍したり戦闘したりするんだ。
Battlefield casualties and general attrition will naturally reduce the number of men or quality of ships available to you as you play, but armies will be slowly reinforced and navies in a safe port will slowly be repaired.
戦場での犠牲者はつきものだし、将軍は疲弊する。これらは陸軍でも海軍でも自然損耗という形で表現されている。 しかし軍隊の戦力補充はゆっくりしかできない。海軍は安全な港にいなければ修理できないし、修理する速度もゆっくりだ。
As you upgrade your technology, you will unlock different types of these units, each with different offensive and defensive characteristics. Some have attributes that favor the attack, some favor the defense, and others are suited for a more balanced approach. Each approach has its advantages and disadvantages depending on your circumstances, and it will be up to you to decide what kind of army you want.
技術向上にしたがって、君は兵科をアップグレードすることができる。 攻撃に向いた兵科もあれば、防御に向いた兵科もある。バランスを重視した兵科もある。 兵科がどのような特性であったとしても、それはあなたの置かれた状況によって有利にもなるし不利にもなる。 状況に応じて兵科を選ぶんだね。
Land Units 陸軍ユニット†
Just as in earlier Europa Universalis games, land units are divided into infantry, cavalry and artillery. As you move through the ages, your armies will evolve from men-at-arms and armored knights to advanced musketmen and dragoons, and everything in between. The specific types of unit available to you, and its offensive and defensive abilities, are also dependent on your culture. Asian countries can get samurai cavalry, for example, but you won’t find these guys riding around Spain unless you send them there.
EUというゲームの最初のほうでは、陸軍ユニットは歩兵、騎兵、砲兵に分かれていた。 あなたはこの時代を通じて、あなたの陸軍がメンアットアームズやアーマードナイトから上級マスケットと竜騎兵に進化していくのを見るだろう。 このユニットの特別なタイプは、それが解禁されるのはどんな技術、攻撃力と防御力はどのようにものか、そして文化によって定義されている。 たとえばアジアの国々ではサムライ騎兵が選択できる。 しかしあなたはスペインでこういった騎兵を見ることはできない。
You select your preferred unit type of your land units, as you discover them through technology. This interface allows you to select the focus of your military forces. Each unit you build represents a force of 1000 men.
あなたは陸軍のなかで好みのユニットを選ぶことができる。もしも解禁技術をもっていたらの話だが。 ユニットインターフェイスはあなたが軍隊に何を選ぶかによって決まってくる。 どのユニットも、1000人単位でつくれる。
Infantry will be the bulk of your army. They are your cheapest units, and don’t take long to recruit. Your cavalry are the force you rely on in a battle to hit the flanks of an outnumbered enemy or chase down those that can’t stand against you. They cost about double what an infantryman does. Artillery only become available at Land Technology Level 7 (Limber) and they are most important for their firepower on the battlefield and their effectiveness during sieges.
歩兵はあなたの陸軍の中核になるだろう。彼らは安価で、それほど時間がかからず徴兵できる。 騎兵は戦闘の際、あなたの陸軍の主力になる。彼らは敵を打ち倒し、立ち上がれなくするだろう。彼らは歩兵の二倍はコストがかかる。 砲兵は陸軍レベル７で解禁される。彼らは砲撃フェイズや攻城戦でもっとも重要な役割を果たす。
When you build your armies, keep in mind that an army that is more cavalry than infantry loses the “combined arms” advantage. Cavalry could be very powerful and fast at times in this era, but rarely outnumbered foot soldiers on the battlefield.
あなたが陸軍をつくるときは、歩兵よりも多くの騎兵を部隊に混ぜると「諸兵科連合」ボーナスが失われることを頭にとめておいたほうが良い。 騎兵はこの時代とてもパワフルだが、戦場においては足で歩兵に劣る。（訳注:？）
In the military menu, you can see four columns with data on the land units. First there is the power, second the ability during fire, third is ability during shock, and finally the number of regiments you have of that category.
こうした軍事メニューから、あなたは陸軍ユニットの四つの項目を見ることができる。 一つはパワー。二つ目に火力フェイズのときの能力。三つ目に衝撃フェイズのときの能力。最後に兵科ごとに存在している連隊の数だ。
Naval Units 海軍ユニット†
There are four types of ships: heavy ships, light ships, galleys and transports. Unlike armies, each construction represents individual ships and have a strength measured in a percentage – a ship at 100% is in perfect health. Ships take damage in battles, of course, but also if they are in the open sea for too long. (This is naval attrition.) Ships only repair when in port.
船には四つのタイプがある。重船、軽船、ガレーと輸送船だ。 陸軍と違ってどれも独立した一つの船で、その耐久はパーセンテージで表せる。１００％が体力満タンだ。 船は戦争でダメージをうける。しかしもちろん、もし君が船をあまりに遠い海域におくれば、そのときも損害を受ける（これは海軍技術による）。 船は港でだけ修理できる。
Each naval unit has characteristics, just like army units. There are no longer any separate fire/shock values per ship type, as a ship-based gun is basically a gun. However, every type of ship has a different number of cannons, and a different hull size. There are also ideas that improve your ships ability to fight, or as we call it, the ships’ power.
どの船舶ユニットも性格づけされている。陸軍ユニットのように。 船舶ごとの火力と衝撃はもはやもうない。船に据え付けられている銃口が銃口なのだ。 しかしながら船舶のどのタイプも、搭載されているカノン砲の数が異なる。また船体の大きさも異なる。 これらは戦闘のときのあなたの船の能力に直結している。私たちはこれらを船のパワーと呼ぶ。
The four different ship types have different purposes. Your main battle fleet will be composed of heavy ships (carracks, galleons, etc.). Light ships (barques, caravels, frigates, etc.) have better speed and are OK in a fight but will mostly be used to protect and project your trade power. Galleys (and later galleases and chebecks) are designed for fighting in inland seas and enclosed bodies of water. Your transports (cogs, flytes, merchantmen, etc.) are, as the name suggests, your lightly armed vessels intended to move troops across the water.
四つの船舶タイプはそれぞれ違う用途に用いられる。 海戦につかうのは、主に重船（訳注:大型船と訳したほうがいいか？/キャラック、ガレオンなど）で構成された艦隊にしよう。 軽船（訳注:小型船？/バーク、カラベル、フリゲートなど）はスピードに優れているので、まあ戦闘にもつかえるけど、あなたの交易路を防衛するために使おう。 ガレーは陸地に近い船で戦闘するためにデザインされている。船体が水に近い設計になっているんだ。 あなたの輸送船は、名前が示すとおり、あなたの軍隊を搭載して海上輸送できる。
In the military interface, ship types have four columns, first there is the power, second the amount of guns, third is hull size, and finally the numbers of ships you have of that category.
軍事インターフェイスを開くと、船のタイプと四つの項目がある。 一つはパワー、二つ目は銃口の数、三つ目は船体の大きさ、最後はそのタイプの船をどれだけもっているか、というものだ。
attachment.php?attachmentid=75146&d=1362129554Leaders 指揮官†
Any military situation calls for extensive knowledge and leadership, and, for a monarch like yourself, how to choose which of the leaders at your service will serve what purpose in the war you just happened to find yourself in. (Clearly this war is not your fault.)
Though you can always put your monarch or a mature heir at the head of your army, you will hire most of your leaders from the general population. You can recruit generals, admirals, conquistadors and explorers as leaders. Generals and conquistadors, as land leaders, cost you 25 Military Power. Admirals and explorers, as naval leaders, cost you 25 Diplomatic Power. Once you’ve hired a leader, it can be assigned to lead any army or naval unit. As expected, generals are used to lead armies and admirals are used to lead navies. Assign conquistadors and explorers to units you wish to send far away or to uncharted lands – these are the only units that can venture into unexplored parts of the map (those sections covered by a white fog).
The skill of a leader determines how good he is at performing different strategies and tactics in combat. Leader skill is partly related to your nation’s military or naval tradition; countries with a history of warfare will be more likely to notice these talents among soldiers or general citizenry.
The four different attributes of leaders are scored from 0 to 6. “Fire” is their ability to direct the use of gunpowder or missile weapons. “Shock” measures how well the leader is at assaults, charges, whatever happens when ranged combat turns to man-to-man action. “Maneuver” is the ability of a leader to move his troops through land safely and get his forces into the right position for battle. Finally, the “Siege” attribute is most important for quickly taking down enemy cities. Paying close attention to these may be the difference between defeating an army twice your size or getting crushed.
Every leader (except your current ruler or heir) costs one military power each month to maintain. This puts a soft cap on the amount of leaders a nation can have at the same time. This also means that a monarch with low military skill and a poor selection of military advisors could find himself running a deficit in military power if he has too many generals. If you find yourself running low on military power, you can always dismiss your leaders, but this means you lose their services permanently.
Mercenaries 傭兵†
Every country has its own pool of mercenaries which replenishes over time, but the number of mercenaries you have already recruited impacts how many there are available for you. This isn’t an endless pool of soldiers for you to draw from. There are ideas that increase the size of the pool, as well as reducing the maintenance or cost of mercenaries. There are only mercenaries on land – you can’t hire renegade naval forces to fight for you.
Mercenaries do count against your land force limits – they are not a way to get around the costs of having to field an army that is already stretching your budget. But they do have a couple of advantages in certain situations. First, they are faster to recruit, so if you have seen your main force destroyed but can afford to get new men, mercenaries will get you back in the fight faster. Also, mercenaries fight just as well as regular troops and can be led by your generals and conquistadors if necessary. The best part is that they don't cost any manpower to reinforce, so while they fight and die, you can rebuild your own population for a later war. They are a vital part of any nation’s armed forces, and rich countries can benefit from them quite a lot.
追伸†
ps. And in case you haven´t read this yet: Paradox Hands-On Special: Master Class – Europa Universalis IV at Strategy Informer “After crushing their main army, I then had a sudden wave of conscience as I felt bad for betraying my former allies, so I quickly ended the war in exchange for one of the core provinces I needed.”
